IP & SUBNET

Octet: An octet in networking typically refers to a group of eight bits.

Each octet ranges from 0 to 255, representing a possible 256 values.

In the context of IP addresses, which are commonly represented in dotted-decimal notation

(like 192.168.1.1), each number between the dots is an octet.

For example, in the IP address 192.168.1.1:

• 192 is the first octet

• 168 is the second octet

• 1 is the third octet

• 1 is the fourth octet

Network IP: A Network IP (Internet Protocol) address is a logical address assigned to a network or subnet, rather than an individual device or host.

Broadcast IP: The broadcast IP address is a special IP address that is used to send data to all devices on a network subnet simultaneously. When a packet is sent to the broadcast IP address, it is received by every device on the subnet, regardless of their individual IP addresses.

Task: You need to configure a network with 100 IP addresses and split it into 4 smaller networks for 4 differnet projects your company is working on.

• Network: 192.168.1.0/24

• Usable IP Range: 192.168.1.1 to 192.168.1.254

• Broadcast: 192.168.1.255

Subnet Details:

• Subnet 1:

  • Network ID: 192.168.1.0/26

  • Usable IP Range: 192.168.1.1 to 192.168.1.62

  • Broadcast Address: 192.168.1.63

• Subnet 2:

  • Network ID: 192.168.1.64/26

  • Usable IP Range: 192.168.1.65 to 192.168.1.126

  • Broadcast Address: 192.168.1.127

• Subnet 3:

  • Network ID: 192.168.1.128/26

  • Usable IP Range: 192.168.1.129 to 192.168.1.190

  • Broadcast Address: 192.168.1.191

• Subnet 4:

  • Network ID: 192.168.1.192/26

  • Usable IP Range: 192.168.1.193 to 192.168.1.254

  • Broadcast Address: 192.168.1.255

CIDR stands for Classlesss Inter-Domain Routing.

It enables network administrators to group blocks of IP addresses into single routing networks. CIDR accomplishes the same task as traditional subnet masking.

CIDR Converstion Table

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